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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a tumor of cancer that affects the linings of organs such as the abdomen and chest is caused by exposure to asbestos The majority of the time exposure to asbestos is the reason particularly for those who work in industrial or construction jobs Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to a favorable prognosis If mesothelioma can be detected early the patients have a better prognosis Causes Mesothelioma is a cancerous tumor that develops in the tissues lining the chest and abdomen is a rare disorder In most instances mesothelioma is malignant and is found in the lung lining the pleura or the stomachs lining and the intestines the peritoneum It can also develop in other tissues such as the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma Mesothelioma is primarily caused by asbestos exposure Asbestos is a group minerals that contain microscopic fibers Asbestos was used in a range of industries including construction insulation and shipbuilding Exposure to asbestos can cause mesotheliomarelated symptoms for up to 40 years after the last exposure The most commonly reported mesotheliomarelated symptom is difficulty breathing This is due to a buildup in the space between lungs and the chest wall Doctors can diagnose the condition by examining the medical records of a patient as well as performing diagnostic tests They will review the patients X rays computedtomography CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans MRI to determine whether there is any evidence of asbestos exposure A biopsy is the most common method used to detect pleural mesothelioma During this procedure doctors take a small piece of the affected area for examination under a microscope A biopsy is performed with two methods that include VATS Videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery which is a form of keyhole surgery or a needle that is inserted using a CT scan Mesothelioma can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms and signs are similar to other conditions It is essential to see a physician as soon as you notice any symptoms When mesothelioma is diagnosed its often in an advanced stage This means that treatment options are limited Patients with lung mesothelioma are most likely to die from complications such as respiratory failure and pneumonia A smaller percentage of patients with mesothelioma of other organs like those with pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma They die from heartrelated complications or bowels Symptoms Many of the symptoms of mesothelioma are similar to the symptoms of other conditions or illnesses and it is difficult for doctors to make a diagnosis Patients might be asked about their exposure to asbestos They can also request an CT scan or chest Xray to check for problems in the chest and lungs A biopsy is usually the next step It is where doctors take a small sample of mesothelioma to test A biopsy can aid in determining whether or not the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma can develop in the lungs lining and the symptoms typically include discomfort and shortness of breath that becomes worse over time These symptoms can also be caused by the accumulation of fluid in the lung pleural effusion Other signs of pleural mesothelioma are bloody coughing and abdominal swelling weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal mesothelioma is less common and usually causes symptoms such as abdominal pain vomiting fatigue and fever Even less common is mesothelioma in the tunica vaginalis that can cause testicular pain as well as a lump on the scrotum and loss of appetite The doctor will treat mesothelioma if it has spread to other areas of the body They will employ various treatments and tests Surgery and chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma cancer cells or prevent them from growing These treatments can be carried out in the hospital at home at a clinic or through a clinic indiana mesothelioma attorneys can help doctors determine the type of mesothelioma the patient is suffering from There are three types of mesothelioma cells epithelioid most popular Sarcomatoid second most common and biphasic The most common mesothelioma cell type is epithelioid They grow slower than other cancerous cells and are therefore more manageable Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is more difficult to treat and is prone to spreading quickly If you experience any symptoms or symptoms it is essential to seek immediate treatment It is essential to seek treatment as soon as they notice any signs A misdiagnosis can prevent patients from receiving the proper treatment and prolong cancer time to develop The chances of someone with mesothelioma living longer are greater when they undergo aggressive treatment Diagnosis It can be difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because it is a rare type of cancer It can take a couple of weeks or months for doctors to determine that a patient has a condition that requires treatment The doctor will inquire about the patients asbestos exposure and when the symptoms began The doctor may also request an imaging scan These tests can help determine areas where there is a problem with the lungs and chest cavity The main test used to diagnose mesothelioma involves a biopsy which involves removing a sample of the tumor and examining it under the microscope The specialist doctor who examines the tumor will be able to determine whether its mesothelioma as well as the type of mesothelioma that it is There are three kinds of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid epithelioid biphasic The type of cells can impact how well the tumor can be treated Around 70 percent of patients with mesothelioma have epithelioid cancer cells Sarcomatoid cell types resemble the fibrous tissue cells and are found in the remaining 30 percent of mesothelioma sufferers The most hazardous mesothelioma form called mixed mesothelioma occurs when it contains both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cancer cells A blood test can be performed to determine whether levels of osteopontin fibulin3 and soluble mesothelin peptides that are elevated in the body These substances are more prevalent in mesothelioma compared to the general population The results of these tests arent conclusive in proving or disproving a mesothelioma diagnosis The doctor may also request other tests if mesothelioma diagnosis is confirmed to determine how far the cancers spreads and how it affects the patients health A lung function test for example will show the efficiency of the lungs and help doctors decide whether surgery is an option Other tests that may be performed include other tests that can be performed include CT scan an MRI or PETCT scan A PETCT scan is an amalgamation of the CT scan and a positron emissions scanner which helps doctors determine the extent of cancer A doctor can also request an ultrasound to assess for the accumulation of fluid around the heart Treatment Patients with mesothelioma have to find the appropriate treatment for their diagnosis Treatment options include surgery chemotherapy treatment radiation therapy and immunotherapy To receive the highest quality care patients should work in a team at an experienced mesothelioma center in their locality Doctors can detect mesothelioma through physical examination or lab tests as well as imaging scans A patient can be directed to a specialist for more indepth testing or for treatments like a biopsy A biopsy is the removal of a small part of tissue that is examined under a microscope Mesothelioma a cancer occurs in the mesothelium which is a protective layer of cells that cover organs within the abdomen and chest It can expand into the bloodstream and spread to other parts of the body and there it can cause lifethreatening complications In addition to the biopsy doctors could conduct an CT scan or an MRI of the chest and abdomen These tests are used to look for signs of mesothelioma or other diseases They can also reveal how the tumor is affecting the surrounding organs like how mesothelioma found in the lungs affects the intestines and the heart Blood tests can detect an element in blood which indicates the presence of mesothelioma These tests arent always accurate and cant replace a biopsy for mesothelioma Mesothelioma is diagnosed at an early stage which is crucial to help increase survival rates Three types of mesothelioma exist depending on the type of cells that form Epithelioid the most common kind that is most responsive to treatment Biphasic and sarcomatoid mesothelioma are less responsive to treatment and have a poorer prognosis Malignant pleural mysothelioma can be found in the lining of the lungs called the pleura The doctor can treat pleural mesothelioma by surgery or chemotherapy Two surgeries are offered for mesothelioma of this kind extrapleural pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomy with pericardiectomy PD Doctors can opt for hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy also known as HIOC to reduce the risk of recurrence following surgery In HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into the surgical site Then they move the patient back and forth to bathe the area in hot chemotherapy fluids
